Uphengululo lwe-UMA: Yonke into malunga ne-UMA ichaziwe

Njalo ngoku, iiprothokholi zeDeFi ziyavela kwimakethi ye-Cryptocurrency. Abaphuhlisi bayila ezi protocols ngetekhnoloji yenoveli ukunika isisombululo esisigxina kwimiceli mngeni kumaziko enkonzo yezemali.

Ukufikelela kwiNtengiso ye-UMA yenye yazo. I-UMA yingqondo kaHart Lambur nabanye oochwephesha bengqondo efanayo.

Kolu hlaziyo lwe-UMA, siza kuphonononga iinkalo ezininzi ze Defi umthetho olandelwayo. Siza kulandelela imbali, amanqaku kunye nezibonelelo. Uya kuyifumana imisebenzi yayo kunye nesikhewu esizalisa kwisithuba se-crypto. Ke, ukuba unomdla wokufunda ngakumbi, qhubeka ufunda.

Imbali emfutshane ye-UMA

UHart wayengumrhwebi oqeqeshiweyo eGoldman Sachs onolwazi ngemvelaphi yesayensi yekhompyuter. Ushiye ishishini lakhe lokurhweba ukuze ajoyine i-crypto ngokupheleleyo. UHart waqala ukufumanisa iiLebhu zoMngcipheko ngo-2017, umgaqo wokudlulisa umngcipheko wokwenziwa.

Uye wakwazi ukuphakamisa i-4 yezigidi zeedola ngale protocol yomthombo ovulekileyo ovela kwi-Dragonfly kunye ne-Bain Capital. Kwikomkhulu, wavelisa imali ekhuselekileyo. Kwangelo xesha linye, uHart wamanyana nabanye abaqeqeshi abasixhenxe, kubandakanya noRegina Cai kunye noAllison Lu.

U-Allison Lu ngokusesikweni wayengu-Sekela Mongameli we-Goldman Sachs oqale ukusebenza no-Hart ngo-2018. Bayile umthetho-nkqubo osekwe ku-Oracle wokuqinisekisa idatha eyaziwa ngokuba yi-UMA 'yokuQinisekiswa kweDatha'.

URegina Cai yinjineli yezemali efundileyo kunye nomhlalutyi wezezimali ePrinceton. Uye wenza igalelo kwisabelo esibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwe-UMA.

NgoDisemba ngo-2018, bakhupha uyilo lweprojekthi ye-UMA Iphepha elimhlophe. Abaphuhlisi babhengeze iprojekthi ye-UMA epheleleyo kwiintsuku kamva, ngokusungulwa kwe-USStocks njengemveliso yokuqala ye-Mainnet.

I-USStocks luphawu olukhethekileyo lwe-ERC20 olulanda izitokhwe eziphezulu ze-500 zase-US. Ezi ndawo ziphambili zase-US zivumela abanini-crypto ukuba batyale imali kwintengiso yaseMelika.

Yintoni UMA?

I-Acess yeNtengiso ye-Universal (UMA) yenye yeeprotokholi kwi-Ethereum. Inika amandla abasebenzisi ukuba bathengise nayiphi na i-asethi ye-crypto abayifunayo ngeithokheni ze-ERC-20. I-UMA inceda abasebenzisi ukuba basebenzise amathokheni ayingqayizivele e-crypto eyenziweyo anokukwazi ukulandela amaxabiso kuyo yonke into abayifunayo. Yiyo loo nto i-UMA inceda amalungu ukuba athengise ii-asethi zalo naluphi na uhlobo esebenzisa iithokheni ze-ERC-20 ngaphandle kokufikelela kwiiasethi.

Umgaqo-nkqubo usebenza ngaphandle kobukho begunya eliphambili okanye inqaku elinye lokusilela. Oku kunceda nabani na ukuba abonakalise iiasethi ebezinokungafikeleleki.

I-UMA inamacandelo amabini, angala; Ikhontrakthi yokuzinyanzela esetyenziselwa ukumilisela iimvumelwano zemali. Kwaye i-Oracle "inokunyaniseka ngokuqinisekileyo" kumda kwaye ixabise ezi zivumelwano. Iqonga lixhasa ukuveliswa kwemali ngokusebenzisa ii-blockchains ezinamagama afunyenwe kwimvelaphi yemali yemveli (fiat).

Njengamanye amathokheni e-cryptocurrency kwi-DeFi, ithokheni ye-UMA ye-crypto isebenza njengesixhobo solawulo eqongeni. Isebenza njengexabiso lentetho yomgaqo. Ukubaluleka kweprotocol kukuba kukhulisa iDeFi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake i-DAI yabo kwenye iprotocol, Compound. Apho, abanye abasebenzisi banokuboleka i-DAI kwaye bahlawule inzala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10% ngonyaka. Abantu abenza iidiphozithi baya kuthi emva koko bafumane amathokheni e-ADAI kutyalo-mali.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba abasebenzisi banokusebenzisa i-aDAI yabo njengesibambiso. Banokumitha iithokheni ezintsha zokwenziwa ezimele iiasethi ezinje ngeGolide. Kwakhona, abasebenzisi banokwenza amathokheni eSynthetic aya kufumana i-10% yenzala minyaka le nge-ADAI abayitshixileyo.

Yenza ntoni i-UMA Protocol?

Kwiinkqubo ezingavumelekanga ze-Defi, ukusebenzisa uncedo olusemthethweni njengesixhobo sokuxhasa iikhontrakthi kubonakala kunzima. Inamandla amakhulu, kwaye oku kuyenza ifikeleleke kuphela kubadlali abakhulu be-crypto.

Nangona kunjalo, umgaqo-nkqubo we-UMA ushenxisa le ndlela icelomngeni ishiya kuphela "umda" njengokhetho olulungileyo. Abaphuhlisi bakuphumezile oku ngokudala indlela ethembekileyo nengavumelekanga enokusebenzisa kuphela inkuthazo yezoqoqosho ukukhusela ikhontrakthi.

Kwidipozithi yesibambiso esaneleyo kwiqonga le-UMA, umsebenzisi angenza ithokheni yokwenziwa kwempahla kunye nexesha lesivumelwano somqondiso. Ixesha lesivumelwano liyanyanzeliswa ngoncedo lwenkuthazo yezemali.

Ngokwesiqhelo, "ixabiso le-oracle" liqinisekisa xa nawuphi na umnikeli weethokheni esweleka imali eyaneleyo yogcino lweethokheni zabo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwexabiso (elingaphantsi kwelinye). Umgaqo-nkqubo we-UMA endaweni yoko ubonelela ngenkuthazo yemali kubasebenzisi bayo bokuchongwa kunye nokupheliswa kwabanikezeli beethokholo abakholelwa ukuba abaphantsi.

Itekhnoloji ye-UMA ibona ukwamkelwa kweedemon njengomceli mngeni omkhulu we-Defi. Oku kubangelwe kukusilela kwabo ngenxa yokuqhambuka kwentsholongwane okungaziwayo (imeko yemali "ye-black swan"). Kwaye ngenxa yokuba abahlaseli banokubaphatha ngokulula ukuba kukho imali eyaneleyo yokonakalisa i-oracle etafileni.

Endaweni yokujongana nomceli mngeni, i-UMA kunokuba isebenzise i-oracle yayo ukusombulula iingxaki zokuphelisa. Bacwangcise ukwenzeka kwezi ngxabano ukuba kunqabile.

Ngolu hlalutyo, i-UMA ibonakala ngathi ngumgaqo "ovulekileyo" apho amaqela amabini ancedanayo anokwenza kwaye ayile iikhontrakthi zabo ezizodwa zemali. Umgaqo-nkqubo ngamnye we-UMA unala macandelo mahlanu alandelayo:

• Iidilesi zasesidlangalaleni.
• Imisebenzi yokugcina ibhalansi yemida.
• Imigaqo yezoqoqosho ukumisela ixabiso lekhontrakthi kunye.
• Umthombo we-oracle wokuqinisekisa idatha.
• Ukongeza, ibhalansi yomda, ukurhoxa, umda kwakhona, ukulungisa okanye ukuphelisa imisebenzi.

Usebenza njani UMA

Umsebenzi wekhontrakthi we-UMA kulula ukuwuqonda kwaye unokushwankathelwa usebenzisa ezi zinto zintathu;

Isixhobo sophawu

Isakhelo esidala "ithokheni yokwenziwa" yezivumelwano kwi-blockchain yayo (iZibonelelo zeThokheni).

Iithokheni zokwenziwa ziithokheni ezinemirhumo yokubambisa. Inotyekelo lokufumana amaxabiso okuhla ngokwexabiso lesalathiso (sayo).

Inkqubo yokuQinisekiswa kweDatha-DVM

UMA isebenzisa i-Oracle-based Inkqubo ye-DVM Esi siqinisekiso soqoqosho sokuphelisa izenzo zorhwaphilizo kwinkqubo. Kuba iiprothokholi eziqhelekileyo ezisekwe kwi-Oracle zisenokujongana nenkohlakalo, i-UMA yamkela umgaqo okwahluka kweendleko ukujonga oku.

Apha, indleko yokonakalisa inkqubo (CoC) yenzelwe ukuba ibe ngaphezulu kunenzuzo evela kurhwaphilizo (PFC). Ixabiso lexabiso kuzo zombini i-CoC kunye ne-PFC limiselwa ngokuvota kwabasebenzisi (ulawulo lwamagunya).

Ngakumbi, uyilo lwenkqubo esekwe kumlomo kunye neziqinisekiso zoqoqosho kufuneka zilinganise i-CoC (Iindleko zorhwaphilizo). Ikwalinganisa i-PFC (Inzuzo evela kuRhwaphilizo), kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba i-CoC ihlala iphezulu kune-PFC. Iinkcukacha ezithe kratya kule ndawo kwi-DVM mhlophe.

Inkqubo yolawulo

Ngenkqubo yokuvota, abanini beethokheni ze-UMA bathatha isigqibo ngemicimbi emalunga neqonga. Bajonga uhlobo lomgaqo onokufikelela kwiqonga. Kwakhona, bajonga iiparameter eziphambili zenkqubo, ukuphuculwa, kunye nohlobo lweeasethi zokuxhasa.

Ngendlela ye-DVM, abanini beethokheni ze-UMA banokuthatha inxaxheba ekusombululeni iingxabano zesivumelwano. "Isivumelwano se-smart" ayisiye kuphela umgcini okanye umnini we-asethi. Endaweni yoko, liqabane elinezivumelwano ezifunyenweyo.

Abaphathi beethokheni ze-UMA banokusebenzisa isivumelwano se- "Token Facility" ukongeza iiasethi ezintsha okanye nokususa izivumelwano. Bade bacima ezinye iikhontrakthi ezikrelekrele xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kukuba abanini beethokheni ze-UMA banokusebenzisa ii-UMIPs (Izindululo zoPhuculo lwe-UMA) ukwenza imvumelwano esemgangathweni kwizindululo zabo. Umgaqo kukuba ivoti enye ifuna ithokheni enye, kwaye sonke isindululo kufuneka sifumane iivoti ezingama-1% kubanini beethokheni.

Emva kokuba isindululo sifumene ukuvunywa kwabahlali, iqela le-UMA "iRiks Labs" liza kuzalisekisa kwangoko utshintsho. Kodwa, iqela linelungelo lokusala isindululo esiye safumana i-51% yevoti.

UMA Ithokheni

Obu bubuchule beekhontrakthi ezifanelekileyo ze-UMA zokwenza amathokheni okwenziwa abonisa iiasethi zomsebenzisi kwiqonga le-UMA. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukudibana nokuchaza ezi mpawu zintathu. Eyokuqala kukufumana iimfuno zokubambisana.

Okwesibini kukuchonga ixabiso, ngelixa lesithathu ngumhla wokuphelelwa. Ngezi zinto zintathu, kulula ukuba nabani na avelise 'isivumelwano se-smart.'

Umntu okanye umsebenzisi ophuhlisa 'isivumelwano se-smart' esenza ukuba sifumaneke kwiithokheni zokwenziwa ngu (Umnini weSibonelelo soMqondiso). Emva kokuyilwa kwekhontrakthi ehlakaniphileyo, abanye abasebenzisi abanqwenela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwikhontrakthi yokunika ezinye iimpawu baya kufaka isibambiso. La maqela 'ngaBaxhasi beMiqondiso ".

Umzekelo, ukuba 'Umnini weZiko loMqondiso' uvelisa 'ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile' yokudala (okwenziweyo) amathokheni egolide. Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko zokufaka isibambiso ngaphambi kokuyila.

Ke u-B 'Tons Sponsor' ebona ukuba (zokwenziwa) kweethokheni zegolide zinokunyusa ixabiso zibonisa umdla wokukhupha ithokheni ethile. Bazakufaka uhlobo oluthile lokugcinwa kwemali (isibambiso) ukuze babenakho ukunikezela ngakumbi (zokwenziwa) kweethokheni zegolide ngokwabo.

Yiyo loo nto, indlela yethokheni ye-UMA iqinisekisa ukuba amahlakani afumana isibambiso ngaphandle kokudlula kwi (on-chain) feed feed.

Ukuhanjiswa kwethokheni ye-UMA Protocol

Isiseko seLebhu yomngcipheko senze ithokheni ye-UMA. Iimpawu zaziyi-100mm nge-2mm abazithumela kwimarike ye-UniSwap. Ngaphandle kweethokheni esele, bagcina i-14.5mm kwintengiso yexesha elizayo. Kodwa i-35mm yaya kubasebenzisi kunye nabaphuhlisi benethiwekhi. Umzekelo wokwabelana awukabikho wokugqibela ukugxeka kunye nokuvunywa koluntu lwe-UMA.

Amanqaku angama-48.5mm ahamba aya kubaseki beLisk Risk, abo banegalelo kwangethuba, kunye nabanye abatyali mali. Ezi tokeni zeza nesithintelo sokuhambisa kude kube yi-2021.

Inethiwekhi ye-UMA inika imbuyekezo elungileyo kubasebenzisi abaphethe amathokheni abo. Oku kwenzelwe abasebenzisi abathatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo ekuthathweni kwezigqibo (kulawulo) kwaye baphendule ngokuchanekileyo kwisicelo (iindleko zethokheni). Abanini abangalali xa besenza izigqibo eqongeni bafumana izohlwayo njengoko bekwisikimu somvuzo. Zonke izibonelelo zomsebenzi wethokheni zineshedyuli yeminyaka emi-4 ecwangcisiweyo yokubonelela.

Yintoni iNkqubo yokuQinisekiswa kweDatha (DVM)

I-UMA liqonga elivelisayo elingaxhomekeki kwixabiso lokutya okuqhelekileyo. Babona ukusetyenziswa kwe-oracle ngoku kwi-DeFi protocol ukuba buthathaka kwaye kube ngumceli mngeni. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iiprothokholi ze-Defi, i-UMA ayifuni kutya amaxabiso rhoqo ukuze isebenze ngokukuko umthetho olandelwayo.

Ezinye iiprotocol zeDeFi ezinje ngeAave zisebenzisa ii-oracle ukuphelisa umboleki ongaphantsi kwelizwe ngokujonga rhoqo amaxabiso exabiso. Endaweni yoko, i-UMA ixhobisa abanini bayo beethokheni ukuba bayenze rhoqo ngokujonga isixa semali esisibambiso "kwisivumelwano esifanelekileyo."

Lo ayingomsebenzi onzima. Yonke into eseqongeni iyabonakala kuluntu kwi-Etherscan. Ubalo olulula lwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi bayazifezekisa kusini na iimfuno zesibambiso. Ngaphandle koko, umnxeba wokupheliswa komhlaba uya kulandela ukuphelisa ipesenti kwisibambiso somkhupheli.

Le fowuni yokupheliswa kwebango ibango kwaye "Umnini weZiko lokuThatha" unokuliphikisa. Okwangoku, ibhondi inokubanjiswa kusetyenziswa iithokheni ze-UMA ukuze zibe sisiPhambisi. Indawo ye-'DVM 'ibizwa emva koko ukulungisa impikiswano. Yenza oku ngokuqinisekisa elona xabiso lesibambiso.

Inkqubo yohlwaya umntu ohlawula amatyala ukuba ulwazi lwe-DVM lumngqina engalunganga kwaye avuze uMthengisi (okhupha). Kodwa ukuba umthengisi wempahla uchanekile, umlahli-mpahla uphulukana nayo yonke imbophelelo yabo ngelixa eyokuqala inikwa zonke izibambiso ezinxulumene nophawu olo.

Ukwazisa umqondiso UMA

Umqondiso uyinxalenye yento intengiso eyaziyo njenge-ERC-20 tokens. Ngamalungelo olawulo afunyanwa ngabasebenzisi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuphuhliso lomgaqo. Banokuvota nakweyiphi na amaxabiso asethi ukuba kukho impikiswano malunga nokupheliswa kwesibambiso.

Unikezelo lokuqala lwe-UMA crypto yayili-100 yezigidi. Kodwa akukho cap yayinawo, oko kuthetha ukuba unikezelo lunokuphambuka okanye lube nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ezinye zeemeko ezinokuchaphazela zombini ezi meko zibandakanya ixabiso langoku kunye nenani lomqondiso abasebenzisi abawusebenzisela iivoti.

Uhlalutyo lwamaxabiso

I-UMA yahlukile kwezinye iithokheni zeDeFi. Emva kokukhutshwa komqondiso, ixabiso lenyuka laya kwi-1.5 yeedola kwaye lahlala kunjalo emva kweenyanga ezintathu. Kwiintsuku ezithile emva koko, umthetho olandelwayo ukhuphe "idola yesivuno," kwaye ikhokelele kwintengo kwi-3.

Imboleko yeMfanekiso: CoinMarketCap

Ukusuka apho, ixabiso lahlala likhula de lafikelela kwi- $ 28, nangona kamva lehla nge- $ 8. Kodwa ngexesha lokushicilela, i-UMA isezantsi ngexabiso kunoko bekukho ngeenyanga zokuqala zokuqala. Okwangoku ithengisa nge- $ 16.77.

Ukuthenga UMA Token?

Nabani na okhangela iithokheni ze-UMA ukuba azithenge, jonga utshintsho olwenziwe kwiindawo ezinje ngeBalancer kunye ne-Uniswap. Kodwa jonga amaxabiso emirhumo yegesi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa nayiphi na i-DEX ukuthenga i-UMA. Inokubiza ngaphezulu xa ixabiso lentlawulo yegesi liphezulu.

Enye indawo yokuthenga amathokheni e-UMA kukutshintshiselana okuphakathi njengeCoinbase. Unokuhamba uye kwiPoloniex kunye ne-OKEx ukuze ubambe ezinye zeethokheni. Kodwa jonga ukuthengiswa kwemali kwi-OKEx kunye nePoloniex ukubona ukuba ungazifumana iindleko zokuthenga kumaqonga.

Unokwenza ntoni ngeethokheni ze-UMA?

Ukuba ukwazile ukuthatha iithokheni ze-UMA, zininzi izibonelelo zakho. Indawo yokuqala yokusebenzisa ukufunyanwa kwakho kulawulo lwe-UMA protocol. Kwakhona, yenza ukuba abasebenzisi basebenzise i-UMA DVM.

Ukubamba amathokheni kukufanelekela ukuba ufumane umvuzo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini onokukhetha kuzo. Unokuvota "kwisicelo sexabiso" kwisivumelwano semali. Kwakhona, xhasa ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo kwiprothokholi, nkqu nakutshintsho lweparadesi.

Emva kokuvota kwizicelo zexabiso lesivumelwano semali, unokwenza imbuyekezo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Amabhaso aya kusekelwa kubungakanani obukusebenzisile ukuvota okanye ukubamba.

I-UMA yeDijithali yemali

Isipaji se-UMA sisipaji semono esisetyenziselwa ukugcina, ukuthumela, ukufumana, kunye nokulawula ngokubanzi zonke iithokheni ze-UMA. Ngenye yeethokheni ze-ERC-20 Defi eziyilelwe kwi-Ethereum. Ke ukugcina kulula kwaye kulula.

Umsebenzi olula wokugcina we-UMA uyenza ukuba igcinwe phantse kuzo zonke izipaji ngenkxaso yeempahla ze-Ethereum. Imizekelo yeewallet iquka iMetamask, isipaji sewebhu esisetyenziswa ngokulula ngokusebenzisana kunye neenkqubo ze (DeFi).

Ezinye ii-wallet ze-UMA zezi; IEksodus (iselfowuni kunye nedesktop), iTrezor kunye neleyile (izixhobo), kunye neAtomi Wallet (iselfowuni kunye nedesktop.

Iimpawu ze-UMA zingathengwa kutshintshiselwano oluqhelekileyo. Utshintshiselwano olukhulu apho kuthengiswa khona i-UMA ngoku kubandakanya; I-Coinbase Exchange, i-OKEx, i-Huobi Global, iZG.com, kunye notshintshiselwano ngeBinance. Abanye badweliswe kwiphepha lotshintshiselwano nge-imali yedatha.

Umda wexesha woPhuhliso lwe-UMA

Ukuqala kwale protocol kwakungekho mdla kangako. Abantu abayikhathalelanga kangako kude kube kukhululwe umqondiso, abanokuthi bathengise ngawo. Ithokheni ye-UMA ibimele isitokhwe esikhulu eMelika.

Emva kokuphehlelela umthetho olandelwayo ngo-2019, iprojekthi yafumana ukuthembakala okungaphezulu. Kodwa ngo-2020, le projekthi yathandwa xa yayidala ithokheni yokuqala "yexabiso elingenantambo". I-UMA ibizwa ngokuba ngumqondiso we-ETHBTC, kwaye yayikukulandela umkhondo we-ETH ngokuchasene nokusebenza kwe-BTC. Emva kwethokheni yokwenziwa, umthetho olandelwayo wavelisa ithokheni yesivuno, abayibiza ngokuba yiYUSD.

Zonke ezi ibe kukuhamba komgaqo olandelwayo we-UMA, njengoko sityhilile kolu hlaziyo lwe-UMA. Kodwa indlela yokuqala ababejolise kuyo kunyaka ophelileyo yayikukuvela eCoinbase. Ngexesha lokushicilela, iCoinbase ixhasa i-UMA. Nabani na onokuyithenga, ayithengise, ayithengise okanye ayibambe kunaniselwano.

Ukugqitywa koPhononongo lwe-UMA

Emva kokufunda uphononongo lwe-UMA, siyakholelwa ukuba uzifumene izibonelelo zokusebenzisa umthetho we-UMA. Liqonga lezemali elithembekileyo elisemthethweni elinikezela ngamava amahle. Kwiprothokholi, unokwenza uphawu lweeasethi zehlabathi zokwenyani ngaphandle kokuvezwa kwazo.

Kwakhona, unokufikelela kwiimarike zezemali nakumacandelo ezinto ezazingafumaneki ngaphambili ngoku. Elona candelo lililo kukuba uya kuba negalelo kwindlela umthetho olandelwayo osebenza ngayo kwiithokheni. Ke, ukuba ubuzibuza malunga nokufaneleka kwale protocol ye-deFi, olu hlaziyo lwe-UMA lubonise yonke into ekufuneka uyazi.

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